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Whitepaper · v0.1·welfare floor·open to refutation

An optimism.fun request for startups

Extreme poverty

Lift the ~700 million people living on less than $2.15 a day into stable prosperity.

Published

2026-06-09

Authors

optimism.fun

Status

Draft · v0.1

License

CC BY 4.0

§1abstract

The four-axis ranking

We rank humanity’s most important problems on four quantifiable dimensions — quantity of humans affected, severity per capita, current solution quality, and addressable market size — and package each as a proposal in the spirit of Musk’s Hyperloop Alpha. This document is the proposal for extreme poverty. Every number below is sourced and tagged with confidence. Every ranking is a conjecture, open to refutation.

Quantity · humans affected

700.0M

high

Severity · WTP / wealth

90%

med
§2problem statement

What we are trying to solve

Extreme poverty is the canonical proof that humanity can solve its biggest problems: the share of people living below the international poverty line fell from ~38% in 1990 to under 9% before the pandemic, the fastest decline in human history. The unfinished work is concentrated in Sub-Saharan Africa and fragile states, where economic growth, direct cash transfers, and proven public-health interventions still have enormous, measurable returns.

§3why it persists

The gap between the world and the world that is physically possible

§4existing alternatives

Who is already working on this

No companies have yet been tagged to this problem in the dataset. If you know one, open a PR.

§5proposed direction

If we solve this, here is the world we get

Section in progress

The success vision and technical proposal for this problem are still being drafted. New whitepaper sections ship with each Monday newsletter drop. Subscribe to get the upgrade, or contribute on GitHub.

§6cost & scale

What the market can pay

Section in progress

Addressable-market sizing for this problem is not yet in the dataset. New whitepaper sections ship with each Monday newsletter drop. Subscribe to get the upgrade, or contribute on GitHub.

§7safety & considerations

What could go wrong, and how we know we are not wrong

Section in progress

Failure modes, ethical considerations, and the conditions under which this whitepaper would be falsified are being authored as the weekly cadence ships. The Deutschian commitment: every claim above is a conjecture; we publish the conditions under which we would update. New whitepaper sections ship with each Monday newsletter drop. Subscribe to get the upgrade, or contribute on GitHub.

§8suggested investors

Who would back this

Section in progress

No capital allocators have yet been tagged to this problem in the dataset. New whitepaper sections ship with each Monday newsletter drop. Subscribe to get the upgrade, or contribute on GitHub.

§9sources & criticism invite

Where this is wrong, tell us

Every number on this page carries a source and a confidence tag. Every section open to refutation. If a citation is wrong, a number is stale, or a conjecture is unfounded — file a correction.

corrections → use the feedback widget in the nav · open issue at github.com/adamtpang/optimism.fun

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One problem.One whitepaper. Every week.

Each week we ship a deep-dive whitepaper on a top-ranked humanity-scale problem — built in the spirit of Musk’s Hyperloop Alpha and the transformer paper. Problem + market size + before/after vision + a proposed solution + the investors who would back it. Humanity’s Requests for Startups, sourced and sorted quantitatively. No spam. No marketing.

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